What determines the resolution of an image?

The resolution of an image primarily refers to the level of detail that can be perceived in the image, which is significantly influenced by the matrix size. In imaging, the matrix size refers to the number of pixels in the image, which directly relates to how finely detail can be captured and displayed. A larger matrix size means that more pixels are used to represent the image, resulting in a higher resolution where smaller features can be distinguished more precisely.

The other factors, while they can affect image quality in certain ways, do not directly determine resolution in the same fundamental manner that matrix size does. Brightness settings and luminosity filters are more related to the intensity and quality of the light within the image, while the distance from the lens to the specimen could affect focus and clarity but does not directly correlate to resolution capability. Thus, matrix size is the primary determinant of how sharp and detailed an image can be.