American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) Technologist in Cytogenetics certification (ASCP CG) Practice Test

What is a necessary condition for optimal growth during a short-term culture?

1. High nutrient concentration

2. Stable temperature and pH

3. High carbon dioxide levels

4. Lack of oxygen

The correct answer is: Stable temperature and pH

For optimal growth during a short-term culture, maintaining a stable temperature and pH is crucial. Cells and microorganisms often have specific temperature ranges and pH levels at which they thrive. Any significant fluctuations from these ideal conditions can lead to stress on the cells, potentially inhibiting growth, affecting viability, and disrupting metabolic processes. Temperature affects enzyme activity, membrane fluidity, and overall cellular metabolism. If the temperature is too high or too low, it can cause detrimental effects on cell growth and function. Similarly, pH is vital because it influences the ionization of molecules, enzyme activity, and the overall biochemical balance within the culture. Deviations from the optimal pH can impede cellular processes and lead to cell death. While high nutrient concentration can support growth, it must be balanced with the specific needs of the cells being cultured. High levels of carbon dioxide or a lack of oxygen may be conditions beneficial for certain specific cultures, but not universally necessary for optimal growth across all cell types. Therefore, stable temperature and pH are foundational for ensuring the proper environment conducive to cell growth.