American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) Technologist in Cytogenetics certification (ASCP CG) Practice Test

What is the purpose of an unstimulated blood culture in a leukemia patient?

1. To analyze genetic markers

2. To check for circulating immature cells in the peripheral blood

3. To identify viruses

4. To assess the patient's immune response

The correct answer is: To check for circulating immature cells in the peripheral blood

The purpose of an unstimulated blood culture in a leukemia patient primarily focuses on checking for circulating immature cells in the peripheral blood. In the context of leukemia, especially acute forms, the presence of immature or abnormal cells—such as blasts—in the peripheral blood is a critical factor in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. An unstimulated blood culture allows clinicians to assess the proportion and characteristics of these cells without the interference of external stimuli that might alter their behavior or proliferation. The overall goal is to evaluate the hematologic status of the patient accurately. Observing the types and numbers of cells, including any leukemic blasts, helps in assessing the severity of the leukemia and guiding treatment decisions. Monitoring the levels of these immature cells can also provide insight into the responsiveness to therapy or indicate disease progression. In contrast, options involving the analysis of genetic markers, identifying viruses, or assessing immune responses do not directly tie into the primary intent of using an unstimulated blood culture in the leukemic context. While these may be relevant in other diagnostic evaluations, they are not the main focus of this particular blood culture approach.